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Oxidoreductases | Transferases | Hydrolases | Lyases | Isomerases | Ligases |
Basic Information |
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Enzyme Number | 3.1.1.7 |
Official Name | acetylcholinesterase |
Name from literature | acetylcholinesterase |
Pathway from literature | acylation with certain substrates precedes general acid-base catalysis |
Pathway from KEGG |
Lipid Metabolism; Glycerophospholipid metabolism; map00564 |
Organisms | Human (9606) |
Genome localization | 7q22[43 ], |
Comments | Acts on a variety of acetic esters; also catalyses transacetylations. |
Rate-limiting Description | "Hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine by acetylcholinesterase (ACHE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BCHE) is the rate-limiting step in the termination of cholinergic signaling at neuromuscular junctions." (1820094) |
Regulatory Information |
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Upstream transcription factor | |
Regulatory type | Detail |
transcriptional level; | "Forskolin, an inducer of cAMP, up-regulates acetylcholinesterase expression and protects against organophosphate exposure in neuro 2A cells." (16924422) |
phosphorylation; | "human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase phosphorylated by tabun." (17562604) |
regulatory enzyme; | "The distribution of the major cholinergic regulatory enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) has been extensively studied in the human brain, but the distribution of the closely related enzyme butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE, EC 3.1.1.8) is largely unknown. " (9548556) |
transcriptional factor;c-jun(3725),ATF2(1386) | "Mutation analysis indicates that the major response elements for JNK in the AChE promoter are the AP1-like element (TGAGTCT) site, located within the -1565/-1569 region of the AChE promoter, and the ATF2 element (CCACGTCA), within the -2185/-2177 region. The AP1-like element binds to the transcription factors, c-jun and ATF2, while the ATF2 element binds mainly ATF2. Taken together, our results strongly suggest that H2O2 induces AChE expression via the JNK/AP1/ ATF2 signaling pathway." (18385943) |
Gene ontology |
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Gene ontology |
GO:0004104 (F) cholinesterase activity [P22303 ]; |
Tissue expression |
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Tissue From HPRD |
Nervous system [00010 ]; |
Tissue specificity |
Isoform H is highly expressed in erythrocytes [P22303 ]; |
Subcellular localization |
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Localization |
extracellular [P22303 ]; |
Disease relevance |
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Disease |
Behaves as an amyloid-promoting factor to promote the formation of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer disease [P22303 ]; |
Links |
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SwissProt | |
Entrez Gene | |
HPRD |
Copyright 2009, Center for Bioinformatics | |||
Last Modified: 2009-03-24 | |||
Design by Zhao Min |