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Oxidoreductases | Transferases | Hydrolases | Lyases | Isomerases | Ligases |
Basic Information |
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Enzyme Number | 3.4.21.5 |
Official Name | thrombin |
Name from literature | thrombin |
Pathway from literature | formation of fibrin |
Pathway from KEGG |
Environmental Information Processing; Signaling Molecules and Interaction; Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction; map04080 |
Cellular Processes; Cell Motility; Regulation of actin cytoskeleton; map04810 | |
Cellular Processes; Immune System; Complement and coagulation cascades; map04610 | |
Organisms | Human (9606) |
Genome localization | 11p11[2147 ], |
Comments | Formed from prothrombin. More selective than trypsin and plasmin. In peptidase family S1 (trypsin family). |
Rate-limiting Description | "It is suggested that at 37 degrees C the processes of thrombin binding to the receptor, of receptor modification and of cellular response are immediately coupled with one another and that the rate-limiting step is the binding of thrombin to the receptor.." (6743305) |
| "Finally, kinetic modeling demonstrated that acylation is the rate-limiting step in thrombin inhibition by PAI-1 (k approximately 10(-3) s(-1)) and this kinetic block is alleviated by the introduction of the tPA-VR1 into thrombin (k>1 s(-1))." (10543954) |
| "The objective of this study was to determine whether there was evidence of in vivo generation of thrombin, the rate-limiting enzyme responsible for the formation of fibrin." (12389649) |
Regulatory Information |
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Upstream transcription factor | |
Regulatory type | Detail |
key enzyme; | "Dabigatran has been shown to specifically and reversibly inhibit thrombin, the key enzyme in the coagulation cascade." (18399711) |
transcriptional factor;"HNF4-alpha(3172),HNF3-beta(3170),Sp1(6667),Sp3(6670)" | "prothrombin expression is regulated by HNF4-alpha, HNF3-beta and Sp1/Sp3" (12911579) |
Gene ontology |
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Gene ontology |
GO:0007260 (P) tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein [P00734 ]; |
Tissue expression |
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Tissue From HPRD |
Serum [01488 ]; |
Tissue specificity |
Expressed by the liver and secreted in plasma [P00734 ]; |
Subcellular localization |
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Localization |
extracellular [P00734 ]; |
Disease relevance |
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Disease |
Defects in F2 are the cause of various forms of dysprothrombinemia [MIM:176930] [P00734 ]; |
Links |
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SwissProt | |
Entrez Gene | |
HPRD |
Copyright 2009, Center for Bioinformatics | |||
Last Modified: 2009-03-24 | |||
Design by Zhao Min |